- 1 - Kansas University Academic Computing Services VAX/VMS WRITEUP PRT Ver. 4.3Ñ Command to Print Text Files The VAX 8600 at KU can communicate with several hard-copy printers located around campus. These printers are located in the I/O area at the Computer Center, in room 202 at the Computer Center, in room 1054 in Learned Hall and in room 8B in Strong Hall. The PRT command allows users to print files using these printers. Files are printed using the following procedure: 1. A temporary output file is created on the user's account. 2. The input file or files specified on the PRT command line are copied to the temporary output file. Minor formatting changes may be made if requested during this process. 3. The name of the output file is placed in a list, or queue, of files waiting to be printed by a particular printer. 4. VMS sends the information in the file to be printed to the printer and deletes the output file from the user's account. This sequence offers two advantages over the VAX PRINT command. Since a temporary file is created, the file(s) to be printed can be changed after issuing the PRT command. The PRINT command simply places the names of files to be printed in a printer queue, so the files printed with PRINT cannot be deleted or modified without affecting the execution of the print job. Also, PRT can format these files in various ways, such as adding line numbers and headers, before printing begins. INTRODUCTION The simplest use of the PRT command is to enter at the $ prompt: PRT/NAME=banner filename where: banner specifies the bin address where output is to be placed if the output is printed at the Computer Center. If the banner contains any VAX delimiters (blank, comma, (, ), + or /), it should be delimited by quotes("), as in /NAME="B5 BANNER". filename is replaced with the name of the file to be printed. If a file name is not specified, PRT will prompt for the file name with _FILE: and wait for a file specification. The above use of PRT will create a copy of the file and send the copy to the appropriate ASCII printer located either at the Academic Computing Center or at a remote RAN site depending on the /QUEUE specification. The listing will be printed on standard 15" x 8.5" green-bar paper (stock=DEFAULT) at 60 lines per page with three lines top and bottom margin, and a page width of 132 characters per line. All of these default settings can be modified on the command line by using specific qualifiers listed in this writeup. If a stock other than DEFAULT is required, the output must be directed to the IBM printer by specifying /QUEUE=VM$PRINT. See the section "Special Forms on the IBM" later in this writeup for more details. The banner will appear as the first page of the printed output. By default, the output will be placed in one of the output bins located in the hallway of the Computer Center. These bins are labelled 'A' to 'Z' across and '0' to '9' up and down. The first character of the banner specifies the letter and the second character specifies the number of the bin address. If the second character is a letter, the output will be placed in the '0' bin. Output to be binned in a locked box (numbered '7' through '9') must have the banner prefaced with an asterisk (*) or a dollar sign ($). If the output is directed to a remote printing site with the /QUEUE qualifier, it is still a good practice to specify a bin address, since the remote printer might be down and all of its output redirected to the Computer Center. If the /NAME qualifier is not specified on the command line, PRT will prompt for one with Specify NAME (Type '?' for help) ? and wait for a banner specification. Enter the banner (delimiting quotes are optional) and press RETURN. Should the banner be incorrectly addressed, PRT will inform you of the error and reissue the prompt. SO WHAT HAPPENS? When you enter the PRT command, a temporary file (with a filename prefix of PRT) is created in your default directory. The file(s) you wish to print are copied to this temporary file, with modifications included according to specified format qualifiers. This temporary file then enters a print queue where it becomes a print job with a unique job entry number. When PRT completes execution, the system responds with a message indicating the name and job number of the job as well as the name of the print queue. Record the job entry number for later reference if the output cannot be found. When the temporary file has finished printing, it is deleted from your account, and if you have specified /NOTIFY, the system will report that the job has completed execution. PRINTING SEVERAL FILES PRT can also print several files in one listing. There are two ways to print multiple files. The first method is to list all the files on the command line separated by commas (,) or plus signs (+). The syntax is as follows: PRT filename1,filename2,filename3,É or PRT filename1+filename2+filename3+É Each file will start on a new page of the listing. The second way to print multiple files is to use "wild card" characters. An asterisk (*) can be used anywhere in a file name or file extension to denote any string of any length. The asterisk can also be used to specify version numbers, indicating that all versions of the specified file(s) should be printed. For example, you can specify all versions of all files with the file extension .DAT by entering: PRT *.DAT;* To print the latest version of all files with the file name of TEST, enter the following command string: PRT TEST.*; Omitting the semicolon yields the same result. The following example shows how to print the latest version of all the files beginning with the letters "CHAP" and having a file extension of .TXT: PRT CHAP*.TXT Where the asterisk denotes any string of any length, the percent sign (%) specifies only a single character in the position the percent sign occupies in the file specification. For example, to print the latest version of several files with a file extension of .TXT and a filename that begins with "CHAP" but ends with a single digit, as in CHAP1.TXT, CHAP2.TXT, and CHAP3.TXT, enter the following command string: PRT CHAP%.TXT Note that in this example the percent sign specifies only one character. Therefore, the PRT command would not print files named CHAP.TXT, CHAP10.TXT or CHAPIX.TXT. Wild carding can be combined with the ability to print multiple files. For instance, to print all files with an extension of .DAT or .TXT, enter: PRT *.DAT, *.TXT EXCLUDE LISTS There is a special positional qualifier, /EXCLUDE, which specifies files to be ignored when searching for files specified with wild cards. This qualifier can be placed after the PRT command, for example PRT/EXCLUDE=(file1, file2, É) to make the exclude list global to all files listed afterward, or the /EXCLUDE qualifier can be placed after each file specification, for example PRT filename1/EXCLUDE=file1, filename2/EXCLUDE=file2 which makes the list local to each file name. Note that the parentheses are not needed when the exclude list contains only one file specification. If a global exclude list is specified along with local exclude lists, then the global exclude list is ignored when a local exclude list is specified. As an example, take the following command statement: PRT/EXCLUDE=*.dat prog1.*/EXCLUDE=(*.obj,*.exe),sample*.* In this example, the global exclude list "*.dat" applies only to file names beginning with the word "sample" and the exclude list "(*.obj,*.exe)" applies only to file name "prog1.*". You cannot distinguish specific version numbers for files to be excluded. If a file is specified in the exclude list, then all versions of that file will be excluded regardless of any specified version number. A default exclude list containing standard file extensions for nonprintable files like .DIR, .EXE and .OBJ, is always checked regardless of any user-specified exclude list. So, the example above specifying an exclude list of "(*.obj,*.exe)" is unnecessary, since files with these extensions are automatically ignored. THE TEMPORARY FILE PRT creates a file with a unique filename with the wild card structure "PRT%%%%%%.PRT;1" where the percent sign (%) represents a system generated character. This file will be placed on the user's main directory specified by SYS$SCRATCH unless the user specifies another directory with DEFINE PRT$TEMPORARY dir-spec . After the file is printed, this temporary file will automatically be deleted. If the file does not print for some reason (e.g. the user or the operator aborts the job), this file will remain either on SYS$SCRATCH or PRT$TEMPORARY until the user explicitly deletes the file. QUALIFIERS Qualifiers are the options added to a command string to modify or restrict the output. A qualifier is always preceded by a slash character (/). Throughout this document, reference is made to global and local qualifiers. A qualifier is global if it affects all parameters (files in the case of PRT) on the command line. Global qualifiers can be placed anywhere on the command line. However, if the global qualifier appears more than once on the command line (e.g. both /LOG and /NOLOG appear on the command line), then only the last specification of the qualifier is recognized. Local qualifiers are placed after the parameter to which they specifically apply, and they do not affect any other parameters in the list. Local qualifiers override any global specifications made previously. This document groups the PRT qualifiers into two categories: command qualifiers and positional qualifers. A quick reference guide of all qualifiers can be found on the last page. COMMAND QUALIFIERS Certain qualifiers can only be used once in each invocation of PRT. These command qualifiers specify job characteristics which apply to all files within the job. For instance, files cannot be printed on different forms within the same job, nor can more than one banner be specified for a job. All command qualifiers are considered global, and though they can appear anywhere on the command line, the convention is to place them directly after the PRT command verb (e.g. PRT/FORM=É/NAME=É ). There are fourteen command qualifier options available to specify where the output will be sent, when it will be printed, and what forms will be used to print the output. Because these are command qualifiers, they are global and should only be specified once after the PRT command verb. /AFTER=time Requests that the job not be printed until a specific time of day. Absolute time or a combination of absolute and delta time can be specified. If the specified time has already passed, the job is queued for printing immediately. See section 2.5 of the VAX/VMS DCL Concepts Manual for complete information on specifying time values. Also, see the /HOLD qualifier for related time specification capabilities. /CONFIRM /NOCONFIRM (default) The /CONFIRM qualifier specifies whether a request is issued before a PRINT operation on each individual file to confirm that the operation should be performed on that file. When the system issues the prompt, you can issue any of the following responses: AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE STOP PROCESSING CONT. W/O PROMPT YES NO QUIT ALL TRUE FALSE CTRL-Z 1 0 RETURN You can use any combination of upper- and lowercase letters for word responses. Word responses can be abbreviated to one or more letters (for example; T, TR, or TRU for TRUE). Press RETURN for the negative default value. /FORM=form-name Specifies the name of the form on which the output should be printed. By specifying a form, the paper stock and top, bottom, left and right margins are set to the form's specific definition. Enter: HELP FORMS to get a list of available forms for each printer. If the paper stock for a form specified is different from the stock currently mounted on the printer, then the job will remain in the queue with a pending status until Operations personel changes the form on the printer. Forms that require a paper stock other than DEFAULT (15" by 8 1/2" green-bar paper) must be directed the the IBM printer by specifying /QUEUE=VM$PRINT. See the section "Special Forms on the IBM" later in this writeup for more details. /HOLD /NOHOLD (default) Controls whether the temporary print file is available for printing immediately. When you specify the /HOLD qualifier, the file is not released for actual printing until you use the SET QUEUE/RELEASE/ENTRY= entry-name queue-name command to release it. By default, the job is not held before printing. See /AFTER for related information. /IDENTIFY (default) /NOIDENTIFY Controls whether PRT displays a message indicating the job number of the print job and the name of the queue in which it is entered. The job number is important for monitoring, redirecting and deleting print jobs, and for finding lost output. By default, PRT displays this information on the current output device whenever a job is successfully queued. See /NOTIFY for related information. /JOB_COPIES=n Requests that the entire job be printed n times, where n is an integer from 1 to 255. By default the job is printed once. Note that where /JOB_COPIES prints the files in the order specified, then repeats the entire job, the positional qualifier /COPIES will print the first file n times, then the second file n times, and so on. /JOB_COPIES lends itself well to applications where several files need to be merged together and the subsequent number of copies sorted and distributed. /LOG (default) /NOLOG Enables or disables status messages to the terminal during execution. When enabled, PRT will notify the user about the specific files being processed. This option does not disable /IDENTIFY. To prohibit any PRT information from reaching the terminal, both /NOLOG and /NOIDENTIFY qualifiers must used. By default /LOG is enabled. /LOWERCASE (default) /NOLOWERCASE Indicates whether the job will be printed on a printer that can print both uppercase and lowercase. If the listing is directed to a printer which is unable to print lowercase letters, then this option should be turned off by adding /NOLOWERCASE to the command line. The default is /LOWERCASE, which means files can be printed in both upper- and lowercase. /NAME="banner-string" The /NAME qualifier is very important when the output is queued to SYS$PRINT where it will be printed and distributed at the Academic Computing Center. In the hallway of the Center is a wall of distribution boxes labelled 'A' to 'Z' horizontally and '0' to '9' vertically (rows '7' to '9' are locked boxes which require permission by System Access before use). Output is placed in these boxes according to the first two characters of the banner printed on the first page (the banner page) of output. For example, specifying PRT/NAME="B1 BANNER" É will send your output to box B1, and PRT/NAME=BANNER É will send your output to box B0 (zero) since the second letter in the banner is not a numeral. If a banner is not specified, the program will issue a prompt. A banner string (delimiting quotes are optional) must be specified at this point. Enter ? at the prompt for online help. /NOTE=string Allows a message to be specified which will appear on the banner page of the print job. The string may contain no more than 255 characters. If the message contains a VAX delimiter, it must be delimited by quotes ("), as in /NOTE="My class project". If /NOTE is not specified, then PRT will echo print its command line for future reference. /NOTIFY /NONOTIFY (default) Controls whether a message is broadcast to any terminal at which you are logged in, notifying you when your print job has been completed or aborted. By default, no message is broadcast. See /IDENTIFY and /LOG for related information. /OUTPUT=file-spec Redirects the formatted output to a disk file rather than a printer queue. Use of the /OUTPUT option will enable you to view the output online and make corrections before sending it to the printer. To use this option, enter: PRT/OUTPUT=output_file É Since the headers and footers were probably inserted during the first PRT run, if you decide to print the output file at a later time, you should use the /NOHEADER and /NOFOOTER qualifiers with the second PRT command. /QUEUE=queue-name Requests that the print job be placed on the specified queue, where queue-name can be SYS$PRINT, CS$PRINT, EG$PRINT, CC$PRINT, VM$PRINT, or LW$PRINT. If no queue is specified, files are queued to SYS$PRINT, printed at the Academic Computing Center, and placed in the distribution boxes found in the hallway. If /QUEUE=CS$PRINT is specified, then the print job is sent to room 8B in Strong Hall. /QUEUE=EG$PRINT sends the listing to Room 1054 in Learned Hall, and /QUEUE=CC$PRINT sends the output to the printer located in the terminal cluster of the Academic Computing Center, room 202. If /QUEUE=VM$PRINT is specified, the listing is sent over the network to the IBM machine, and /QUEUE=LW$PRINT prints files on the LaserWriter at the Academic Computing Center. LaserWriter output is binned in the distribution boxes in a mylar plastic envelope. Please return the envelope to the I/O window when you pick up your output. /RESTART (default) /NORESTART Specifies whether a job can restart after a crash or a STOP/QUEUE/REQUEUE command. The default is /RESTART. Use /NORESTART for extremely large listings which either would be too expensive or would take too long to reprint from the very beginning. Also, if the listing requires special attention by the operator to set up the printer with a special form (e.g. labels), then the /NORESTART qualifier should be used in case there is a problem which prohibits the operator from resetting the printer correctly. POSITIONAL QUALIFIERS Positional qualifiers modify the output of each individual file, and therefore are placed directly after the intended filename where they are considered local to that file. Other files in the list are not affected by a positional qualifier unless they too have the qualifier placed behind them, or if the qualifier is placed after the PRT command verb where it is considered global and affects all files in the list. If both a global and a local specification of a positional qualifier are given, then only the files without the local specification are affected by the global specification. As an example, suppose the command line is PRT/LINENUMBERS FILE1.DAT/NOLINENUMBERS,*.PAS The files with a .PAS extension are printed with line numbers preceding every line, since the /LINENUMBERS option is global to the entire command line, whereas the file FILE1.DAT is printed without line numbers since the qualifier /NOLINENUMBERS takes precedence. The following positional qualifiers are used to format the dimensions of each printed page. /CONTINUOUS /NOCONTINUOUS (default) Specifies whether PRT is to ignore headers, footers and any top or bottom margin specifications. If /CONTINUOUS is specified, PRT will print the file without page breaks. Thus, the file will be printed over the perforation connecting two pages. This option is useful when printing graphs or tables which would normally be broken by a page break. This option is also a good way to turn off the headers, footers and margin settings in one step. Note that certain form descriptions have top and bottom margins already specified. /CONTINUOUS does not ignore these settings, so use of /CONTINUOUS with these forms will print the files with no formatting, but the output will still skip perforations. The system-specified form margins will still apply. /BOTTOMMARGIN=number /TOPMARGIN=number Specifies the absolute offset in numbers of lines from the top and bottom of the page. These settings are only effective if they are greater than the system defined margins for the form in use. If these settings are less than the defined margins, then the margins defined by the form are assumed. The default setting is the system defined top and bottom margins for the specified form. /COPIES=n Prints a specified number of copies of a particular file, where n is the number of copies from 1 to 255. See /JOB_COPIES for related information. PRT will print 1 copy of every file as default. /DELETE /NODELETE (default) Deletes the file associated with the /DELETE qualifier after the file has been processed. Use of this qualifier eliminates the necessity of specifying the file (or files) for deletion again after PRT has finished processing. /NOEXCLUDE /EXCLUDE=(file-spec1,file-spec2,É) See the preceding section on exclude lists for detailed information. /FIRSTPAGE=page-number Used in conjunction with the %L code sequence in the /HEADING and /FOOTING qualifier specifications. Specifies the starting value of the local page number. Default setting for /FIRSTPAGE is 1. As an example, if the file to be printed is the second chapter of a book which is to begin on the 32nd page, then the command to enter would be: PRT/HEADING=("CHAPTER 2",,"Page %L")/FIRSTPAGE=32 filename /NOFOOTING /FOOTING[=(left-string[,center-string[,right-string]])] /NOHEADING /HEADING[=(left-string[,center-string[,right-string]])] /NOODDFOOTING /ODDFOOTING[=(left-string[,center-string[,right-string]])] /NOODDHEADING /ODDHEADING[=(left-string[,center-string[,right-string]])] Controls whether a heading or footing line is printed at the top or bottom of each output page. /HEADING and /FOOTING are analogous but independent qualifiers. Strings containing VAX delimiters must be delimited with quotes ("). Any or all of the three strings can be specified, but if a string is specified, the strings positioned to its left must contain values, even if that value is empty (see example below). The parends are unnecessary if only the left-string is specified. The /ODDFOOTING and /ODDHEADING qualifiers allow the user to specify string values to be printed on the odd pages of the output. When /ODDHEADING is used, the corresponding normal qualifier, /HEADING, specifies the string values of the even pages. The same is true with the /ODDFOOTING qualifier. There are certain code sequences which have special effects when inserted within a string. These code sequences are as follows: %% A literal '%' %D Prints the date similar in form to: Thursday, December 25, 1986 %F Displays the current file name without the extraneous information like disk, username and catalog pathname. %G Prints the current "global" page number, that is, the page number relative to the first file in the listing. %L Prints the current "local" page number, that is, the page number relative to the top of the file. %P Displays the current file name including the disk, username and catalog pathname. %T Prints the time similar in form to: 8:00 AM or 5:00 PM %U Yields the username. As an example, the default settings for the heading and footing lines would be specified as: PRT/HEADING=("%P","","%T %D")/FOOTING=("","%L") filename Use of the /ODDHEADING qualifier without any string specifications yields the mirror image of the default /HEADING string specifications. The same is not true with the /ODDFOOTING qualifier since the mirror image of the /FOOTING strings is symmetrical. For example, the default settings for the oddheading and oddfooting lines would be specified as: PRT/ODDHEADING=("%T %D","","%P")/ODDFOOTING=("","%L") filename /LINENUMBERS /NOLINENUMBERS (default) Determines whether output has each line numbered on the left side of the page. Page offset is increased by 8 if /LINENUMBERS is specified. The default is /NOLINENUMBERS. /LIST /NOLIST (default) The /LIST qualifier instructs PRT that the file parameter associated with the /LIST qualifier contains a list of filenames to print. The file is opened and each line of text in the file is read and interpreted as a file specification. There can only be one file specification per line. Standard VAX VMS wildcard characters are allowed. Qualifiers are not allowed in the file, but all positional qualifiers associated with the file parameter will be used with the files specified in the list. A good use of this qualifier is printing the files found in a list created by a directory command or something analogous. /OFFSET=number /OFFSET specifies the left margin or indentation of a page. This value is added to the system defined left margin of the form in use if such a margin exists. The default setting for /OFFSET is 0. See /WIDTH for additional information and example. /SPACE /NOSPACE (default) When /SPACE is specified, the output will be double spaced, or one line of text for every two lines on the page. If /LINENUMBERS is also specified, each line of text will still be numbered consecutively. /TABSETTINGS=n /TABSETTINGS=(n1,n2,n3, É,nn) In the first case, tabs are set to every n columns. In the second case, tabs are set at each of the specified columns, incrementing the tabs by n1 for each tab to be printed beyond the last tab position in the list, nn. Default tabsetting is every 8 spaces. /WIDTH=number /WIDTH is the page width including the offset on the left. The default setting for /WIDTH is the system defined width of the form in use. As an example, if the page is to have a left margin of 10 spaces and a right margin of 10 spaces on a page that is 80 characters wide, the command to enter is: PRT filename/WIDTH=70/OFFSET=10 /WRAP (default) /NOWRAP When /WRAP is set, if a line in the file is longer than the width of the page, the line is continued on the next line, whereas when /WRAP is not set, the line is truncated at the last column of the page and the rest of the line is ignored. /WRAP is set by default. SPECIAL FORMS ON THE IBM Output can be sent through the network to be printed on the IBM printer via VMPRINT. All output requiring a paper stock other than DEFAULT (15" by 8 1/2" green-bar paper) must be sent to the IBM. This option can be executed by entering: PRT/QUEUE=VM$PRINT filename Most global command qualifiers have the same affect whether they are used on the VAX or the IBM. The command qualifiers that need special attention are: /FORM=form-name IBM VMPRINT form-names are identical to VAX form-names in most cases. At the present time, special forms with paper stock other than DEFAULT can be printed only on the IBM. /QUEUE=VM$PRINT must be specified when using special forms. A list of available forms for VMPRINT can be found by entering HELP FORMS. /IDENTIFY The job number displayed becomes the spool ID on the IBM system. This number is used to identify the output when the output cannot be found. /NOTIFY Logs on the screen the time when the listing is received by VMPRINT, not when the listing has finished printing. /NAME="banner" Specifies the banner for the IBM output. PRT will convert imbedded blanks to underscore '_' characters, which are printed as blanks on IBM banners. Also, banner strings can be no longer than eight characters long on the IBM. PRT will truncate the banner string if it is longer and the output is directed to VMPRINT. Refer to the /NAME qualifier under the section "Command Qualifiers" for additional information. UNAVAILABLE DISK SPACE AND OVERDRAFT LIMITS PRT will not execute if there is not adequate disk space available to store the temporary file. This should not be a problem if you maintain file usage below your allocated disk quota so that PRT has access to your overdraft limit which is eight times your disk quota. If there is a problem and your overdraft limit has been reduced to your allocated disk quota, the only way to regain access is to delete unnecessary files (first try to purge old versions of files by using the PURGE command, and if there still is not enough disk space, delete any '.OBJ' and '.EXE' files which can be recompiled), then log on and off your account at another terminal to raise the overdraft limit (you can also log on to your account by entering SET HOST KUHUB at your terminal, then after logging on and off, you will return to your previous session). LOOKING FOR JOBS IN THE PRINT QUEUE After the job has been sent to the queue, you can see the position of the job in the queue, its job-number, its job-name and its status by entering the following DCL command: SHOW QUEUE/ALL queue-name If you do not specify a queue name with the SHOW QUEUE command, you will see a list of all available queues. See /QUEUE under command qualifiers for a list of available print queues for the VAX. REMOVING A JOB FROM THE PRINT QUEUE When you have a job waiting in the print queue with a status of "Pending" and you want to remove it before it starts printing, enter the following DCL command: DELETE/ENTRY=job-entry-number queue-name The system will notify you that it has deleted the job. After deleting the print job from the queue, you should delete from your account the temporary file created by PRT. This file will not be deleted by the DELETE/ENTRY command. STOPPING A JOB THAT IS CURRENTLY PRINTING If you want to stop a file that is currently printing, enter the following DCL command: STOP/QUEUE/ENTRY=job-entry-number queue-name The system will notify you that it has aborted the job. Again, you will have to delete the temporary file created by PRT. Todd Gochenour Nancy Rehak January 1, 1988 PRT QUICK REFERENCE QUIDE Syntax: PRT[/Qualifier]* filename[/Qualifier]* [,filename[/Qualifier]*]* Command Qualifiers Defaults /AFTER=time /AFTER="today" /[NO]CONFIRM /NOCONFIRM /FORM=form-name /FORM="default" /[NO]HOLD /NOHOLD /[NO]IDENTIFY /IDENTIFY /JOB_COPIES=n /JOB_COPIES=1 /[NO]LOG /LOG /[NO]LOWERCASE /LOWERCASE /NAME="banner-string" {Will prompt for value.} /NOTE="string" /NOTE={command line} /[NO]NOTIFY /NONOTIFY /OUTPUT=file-spec { none } /QUEUE=queue-name /QUEUE=sys$print /[NO]RESTART /RESTART Positional Qualifiers Defaults /BOTTOMMARGIN=n /BOTTOMMARGIN=3 /[NO]CONTINUOUS /NOCONTINUOUS /COPIES=n /COPIES=1 /[NO]DELETE /NODELETE /EXCLUDE=file-spec[,file-spec]* { none } /FIRSTPAGE=n /FIRSTPAGE=1 /[NO]FOOTING[=("left-string", "center-string", "right-string")] /[NO]HEADING[=("left-string", "center-string", "right-string")] /[NO]LINENUMBERS /NOLINENUMBERS /[NO]LIST /NOLIST /[NO]LOWERCASE /LOWERCASE /[NO]ODDFOOT[=("left-string", "center-string", "right-string")] /[NO]ODDHEAD[=("left-string", "center-string", "right-string")] /OFFSET=n /OFFSET=0 /[NO]SPACES /NOSPACES /TABSETTINGS=n /TABSETTINGS=8 /TABSETTINGS=(n1, ..., nn) { none } /TOPMARGIN=n /TOPMARGIN=3 /WIDTH=n { depends upon form-spec } /[NO]WRAP /WRAP To specify the directory where the temporary file is to be placed, at the VMS '$' prompt enter: $ DEFINE PRT$TEMPORARY dir-spec