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HP OpenVMS Systems Documentation

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The OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)


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14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?



GRead access to DVD-ROM, DVD+R/RW, DVD-R/RW, CD-ROM, and CD-R/RW deviceson ATAPI (IDE) connections isFgenerally handled transparently by SYS$DQDRIVER, and SYS$DQDRIVER willFtransparently de-block the media-native 2048 byte disk blocks with theC512-byte blocks expected by OpenVMS and by native OpenVMS software.

GRead access to DVD-ROM, DVD+R/RW, DVD-R/RW, CD-ROM, and CD-R/RW devices3on SCSI is handled by DKDRIVER, though SYS$DKDRIVEREwill not transparently de-block the native 2048-byte disk blocks intoGthe 512-byte blocks expected by OpenVMS. The drive or external softwareEis expected to provide this de-blocking, thus either a 512-byte blockFcapable drive (such as all RRD-series SCSI CD-ROM drives) is required,Eor host software is required for a 2048-byte block drive. Third-partyGSCSI drives with UNIX references in their support documentation or withFexplicit 512-byte selectors or swiches will generally (but not always, of course) operate with OpenVMS.

GAt least some of the Plextor PlexWriter SCSI drives can be successfully"accessed (for read and write) fromGOpenVMS, as can at least one Pioneer SCSI DVD drive (for CD media). ThePioneerA SCSI DVD drive switches to 2048 byte blocks for DVD media, and aH block-size conversion tool (written by Glenn Everhart) or other similar tool can be applied.

AOpenVMS also has supported HP DVD drives for the ATAPI (IDE) bus.

BFor some related information (and details on a commercial DVDwritepackage), please see:



BNo device driver currently presently permits direct block-oriented>recording on DVD-RAM nor DVD+RW media, nor other recordable orrewritable media.

GRecording (writing) of CD and DVD optical media requires a recording or<media mastering application or tool, and both commercial andunon-commercial options are available. See Section 9.7 for relatedEdetails on CDRECORD (both non-DVD and DVD versions are available, andDat least one commercial version is available), and also see DVDwrite((commercial) or DVDRECORD (open source).

.For information on the GKDRIVER (SYS$GKDRIVER)6generic SCSI device driver and of the the IO$_DIAGNOSEC$qio[w] interfaces (of SYS$DKDRIVER, SYS$DNDRIVER and SYS$DQDRIVER)Ethat are utilized by most CD and DVD recording tools to send commandsAto SCSI, USB or ATAPI devices (most USB and ATA devices---or moreCcorrectly, most ATAPI devices---can use SCSI-like command packets),-please see the SYS$EXAMPLES:GKTEST.C example,-and see DECW$EXAMPLES:DECW$CDPLAYER.C exampleAand please see the various associated sections of the OpenVMS I/OUser's Reference Manual.

EFor information on creating bootable optical media on OpenVMS, pleaseKsee Section 9.7.3.


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Chapter 15
Information on Networks and Clusters


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If you are searching for something here, please(consider using the text-format FAQ.



EThe following sections contain information on OpenVMS Networking with?IP and DECnet, and on clustering and volume shadowing, on Fibre4Channel, and on related products and configurations.]

15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?



EPlease see the Ask The Wizard area topics starting with (81), (1839),(2177), (3605), etc.



GFor additional information on the OpenVMS Ask The Wizard (ATW) area andAfor a pointer to the available ATW Wizard.zip archive, please see@Section 3.8.V

15.2 OpenVMS and IP Networking?



<The following sections contain information on OpenVMS and IP*networking, as well as IP printing topics.J

15.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?



DSome tutorial information and tips for connecting OpenVMS systems tothe Internet are available at:

A

15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?



ETo connect a printer via the IP telnet or lpr/lpd protocols, you willGneed to install and configure an IP stack on OpenVMS, and configure theappropriate print queue.

@With current OpenVMS IP implementations, the choice of telnet orFlpr/lpd really amounts to determining which of these works better with the particular printer involved.

DTo support network printing, the printer must include an internal orexternalE NIC or JetDirect; an adapter connecting the network and the printer.

DWhile it is normally possible to use a host-connected printer---whenEthe host supports an LPD or telnet daemon, and OpenVMS and most otherEoperating systems have the ability to serve locally-attached printersGto other hosts on the network---it is generally far easier and far moreGeffective to use a printer that is directly attached to the network. IfCyour present printer does not have a NIC or a JetDirect, acquire anDinternal (if available) or external NIC or JetDirect. Or replace theDprinter. And obviously, most any operating system that can serve itsDlocal printers usually also provides a client that can access remotenetwork-connected printers.

EPlease see the Ask The Wizard (ATW) area topics---starting with topicA(1020)---for additional information on IP-based network printing.



GFor additional information on the OpenVMS Ask The Wizard (ATW) area andAfor a pointer to the available ATW Wizard.zip archive, please see@Section 3.8.

uPlease see Section 15.2.3 for information on Postscript printing.U

15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP?



BUsing TCP/IP Services (UCX) as the TCP/IP stack, it is possible toBconfigure queues using the UCX$TELNETSYM (TCP/IP Services prior toCV5.0) or TCPIP$TELNETSYM (with V5.0 and later) in order to print toEPostscript printers. This assumes however that the printer itself canCconvert whatever is passed to it into something intelligible. As anEexample, if the printer has an IP address of 123.456.789.101 and jobs$should be passed to port 9100 then :

 

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.$ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/ON="123.456.789.101:9100" -    /PROCESSOR=UCX$TELNETSYM  -    my_ip_queue




 

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.$ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/ON="123.456.789.101:9100" -!    /PROCESSOR=TCPIP$TELNETSYM  -    my_ip_queue




CThe port number of 9100 is typical of HP JetDirect cards but may be(different for other manufacturers cards.

EAs a better alternative, DCPS Version 1.4 and later support IP queuesHusing either HP TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS software or Process Software MultinetF for OpenVMS. The usage of this type of interface is documented in theC DCPS documentation or release notes, and the DCPS$STARTUP.TEMPLATE startup template file.

DFor general and additional (non-Postscript) IP printing information,Aplease see topic (1020) and other topics referenced in that topic)elsewhere within the Ask The Wizard area.



GFor additional information on the OpenVMS Ask The Wizard (ATW) area andAfor a pointer to the available ATW Wizard.zip archive, please see@Section 3.8. Also see:



~Please see Section 15.2.2 for pointers to an introduction to IP printing.[

15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?



EIf you have TCP/IP Services, then use the command for TCP/IP ServicesV5.0 and later:

 

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$ TCPIP(SET ROUTE/GATE=x.x.x.x/DEFAULT/PERMANENT




:And for earlier TCP/IP Services versions, use the command:

 

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$ UCX(SET ROUTE/GATE=x.x.x.x/DEFAULT/PERMANENT


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15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?



EThough it may seem obvious, Telnet and LAT are quite different---with(differing capabilities and design goals.

CPlease see the documentation around the TCP/IP Services for OpenVMSDTELNET command CREATE_SESSION. This command is the equivilent of theDoperations performed in LTLOAD.COM or LAT$SYSTARTUP.COM. There is noFTELNET equivilent to the sys$qio[w] control interface for LTDRIVER (as@documented in the I/O User's Reference Manual) available, thoughAstandard sys$qio[w] calls referencing the created TN device wouldlikely operate as expected.\

15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?



GOpenVMS Alpha IP PPP does not presently support authentication, and theBMicrosoft Windows NT option to disable authentication during a RASCconnection apparently doesn't currently work---RAS connections willDrequire authentication---and this will thus prevent RAS connections.

GFuture versions of OpenVMS and TCP/IP Services may add this, and futureGversions of Microsoft Windows may permit operations with authentication disabled.^

15.3 OpenVMS and DECnet Networking?



@The following sections contain information on OpenVMS and DECnet networking.E

15.3.1 Can DECnet-Plus operate over IP?



FYes. To configure DECnet-Plus to operate over IP transport and over IPEbackbone networks, install and configure DECnet-Plus, and install andconfigure the PWIPD mechanism available within the currently-installed IP stack. WithinF TCP/IP Services, this is a PWIPDRIVER configuration option within theC UCX$CONFIG (versions prior to V5.0) or TCPIP$CONFIG (with V5.0 and later) configuration tool._

15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?



The error message:

 

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:BCKTRNSFAIL, failure on the back translate address request




Dindicates that the destination node is running DECnet-Plus, and thatAits naming service (DECnet-Plus DECdns, LOCAL node database, etc)Dcannot locate a name to associate with the source node's address. InDother words, the destination node cannot determine the node name for7the node that is the source of the incoming connection.

GUse the DECNET_REGISTER mechanism (on the destination node) to registerGor modify the name(s) and the address(es) of the source node. Check the&namespace on the source node, as well.

GTypically, the nodes involved are using a LOCAL namespace, and the nodeGname and address settings are not coherent across all nodes. Also checkCto make sure that the node is entered into its own LOCAL namespace.>This can be a problem elsewhere, however. Very rarely, a cacheFcorruption has been known to cause this error. To flush the cache, use the command:

 

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$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:NCL,flush session control naming cache entry "*"

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"GAlso check to see that you are using the latest ECO for DECnet-Plus forc>the version you are running. DECnet-Plus can use the following namespaces:e

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  • DECdns: DECnet-Plus distributed name services. =
  • LocalFile: a local file containing names and addresses.vr?
  • DNS/BIND: the TCP/IP distributed name services mechanism.=O/0
  • The TCP/IP Services (UCX) local host file.
g

FOf these, searching DNS/BIND and LocalFile, respectively, is often themost appropriate configuration.fL

15.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?

 

p/First, issue the NCL command SHOW MOP CIRCUIT *=pf

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$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:NCLSHOW MOP CIRCUIT *

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fDAssume that you have a circuit known as FDDI-0 displayed. Here is anEexample of the SET HOST/MOP command syntax utilized for this circuit:F

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7$ SET HOST/MOP/ADDRESS=08-00-2B-2C-5A-23/CIRCUIT=FDDI-0_

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tMAlso see Section 15.6.3._Z

15.3.4 How to flush the DECnet-Plus session cache?

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$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:NCL,FLUSH SESSION CONTROL NAMING CACHE ENTRY "*"


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15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?



mDMost Alpha and most VAX systems have a console command that displaysCthe network hardware address. Many systems will also have a sticker8Bidentifying the address, either on the enclosure or on the networkcontroller itself.

AThe system console power-up messages on a number of VAX and AlphaD@systems will display the hardware address, particularly on those<systems with an integrated Ethernet network adapter present.

mCIf you cannot locate a sticker on the system, if the system powerup4Bmessage is unavailable or does not display the address, and if the@system is at the console prompt, start with the console command:

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HELP

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oFA console command similar to one of the following is typically used todisplay the hardware address:c

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SHOW DEVICEP
SHOW ETHERNETeSHOW CONFIG 

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EOn the oldest VAX Q-bus systems, the following console command can be3?used to read the address directly off the (DELQA, DESQA, or ther;not-supported-in-V5.5-and-later DEQNA) Ethernet controller:S

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E/P/W/N:5 20001920

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pELook at the low byte of the six words displayed by the above command.G(The oldest VAX Q-bus systems---such as the KA630 processor module usedkAon the MicroVAX II and VAXstation II series---lack a console HELPh=command, and these systems typically have the primary networkmGcontroller installed such that the hardware address value is located ato&the system physical address 20001920.)

cGIf the system is a VAX system, and another VAX system on the network isa>configured to answer Maintenance and Operations Protocol (MOP)Dbootstrap requests (via DECnet Phase IV, DECnet-Plus, or LANCP), the/MOM$SYSTEM:READ_ADDR.EXE tool can be requested:n

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B/R5:100 ddcufBootfile: READ_ADDR 

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bGWhere ddcu is the name of the Ethernet controller in the above command. @The primarly local DELQA, DESQA, and DEQNA Q-bus controllers areDusually named XQA0. An attempt to MOP download the READ_ADDR programFwill ensue, and (if the download is successful) READ_ADDR will displaythe hardware address. 

GEIf the system is running, you can use DECnet or TCP/IP to display the14hardware address with one of the following commands.

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$! DECnet Phase IV$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:NCPSHOW KNOWN LINE CHARACTERISTICS1

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$! DECnet-Plus$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:NCL!SHOW CSMA-CD STATION * ALL STATUSa

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 $! TCP/IP versions prior to V5.0$ UCXCSHOW INTERFACE/FULLt

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!$! TCP/IP versions V5.0 and later1$ TCPIPSHOW INTERFACE/FULL6

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sEA program can be created to display the hardware address, reading thepAnecessary information from the network device drivers. A completep@example C program for reading the Ethernet or IEEE 802.3 networkEcontroller hardware address (via sys$qio calls to the OpenVMS network=4device driver(s)) is available at the following URL:

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$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:NCP:SET MODULE CONFIGURATOR KNOWN CIRCUIT SURVEILLANCE ENABLED

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ELet the DECnet Phase IV configurator run for at least 20 minutes, and5preferably longer. Then issue the following commands: 

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$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:NCP=SHOW MODULE CONFIGURATOR KNOWN CIRCUIT STATUS TO filename.txta;SET MODULE CONFIGURATOR KNOWN CIRCUIT SURVEILLANCE DISABLEDn

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tCThe resulting file (named filename.txt) can now be searched for theaDinformation of interest. Most DECnet systems will generate MOP SYSIDFmessages identifying items such as the controller hardware address andCthe controller type, and these messages are generated and multicastaroughly every ten minutes.

eCInformation on the DECnet MOP SYSID messages and other parts of theDmaintenance protocols is included in the DECnet network architecture*specifications referenced in section DOC9.]

15.4.1 How do I reset the LAN (DECnet-Plus NCL) error counters?

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"On recent OpenVMS releases:I

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$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:LANCP2SET DEVICE/DEVICE_SPECIFIC=FUNCTION="CCOU" devname

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15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?

xx

"AOn OpenVMS V7.1, all DECnet binaries were relocated into separate ?installation kits---you can selectively install the appropriateeEnetwork: DECnet-Plus (formerly known as DECnet OSI), DECnet Phase IV,t,and HP TCP/IP Services (often known as UCX).

aFOn OpenVMS versions prior to V7.1, DECnet Phase IV was integrated, andFthere was no installation question. You had to install the DECnet-Plus@(DECnet/OSI) package on the system, after the OpenVMS upgrade orinstallation completed.s

@During an OpenVMS V7.1 installation or upgrade, the installationEprocedure will query you to learn if DECnet-Plus should be installed.sFIf you are upgrading to V7.1 from an earlier release or are installingGV7.1 from a distribution kit, simply answer "NO" to the question askinge@you if you want DECnet-Plus. Then---after the OpenVMS upgrade orAinstallation completes -- use the PCSI PRODUCT INSTALL command tonAinstall the DECnet Phase IV binaries from the kit provided on theo"OpenVMS software distribution kit.

FIf you already have DECnet-Plus installed and wish to revert, you mustDreconfigure OpenVMS. You cannot reconfigure the "live" system, henceCyou must reboot the system using the V7.1 distribution CD-ROM. Then <select the DCL ($$$ prompt) option. Then issue the commands:

 

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&$$$ DEFINE/SYSTEM PCSI$SYSDEVICE DKA0:,$$$ DEFINE/SYSTEM PCSI$SPECIFIC DKA0:[SYS0.]<$$$ PRODUCT RECONFIGURE VMS /REMOTE/SOURCE=DKA0:[VMS$COMMON]

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MGInformation on DECnet support, and on the kit names, is included in thes4OpenVMS V7.1 installation and upgrade documentation.

iGSubsequent OpenVMS upgrade and installation procedures can and do offere3both DECnet Phase IV and DECnet-Plus installations.uq

15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?

>

TBThere are third-party products available to send messages to radioDpaging devices (pagers), communicating via various protocols such as7TAP (Telocator Alphanumeric Protocol); paging packages. mE

ORamPage (Ergonomic Solutions) n?is one of the available packages that can generate and transmitrDmessages to radio pagers. Target Alert (Target Systems; formerly theDECalert product) is another.r o=Networking Dynamics Corp has a product called Pager Plus. Thei< ASystem Watchdog package can also send pages. The Process Software StGpackage PMDF can route specific email addresses to a paging service, asiwell.n

oCMany commercial paging services provide email contact addresses forFtheir paging customers---you can simply send or forward email directly+to the email address assigned to the pager.z

ESome people implement the sending of pages to radio pagers by sendingnDcommands to a modem to take the "phone" off the "hook", and then theEpaging sequence, followed by a delay, and then the same number that ad>human would dial to send a numeric page. (This is not entirelyGreliable, as the modem lacks "call progress detection", and the programlDcould simply send the dial sequence when not really connected to the3paging company's telephone-based dial-up receiver.)r

rzSee Section 13.1 for information on the available catalog of products.f

15.6 OpenVMS, Clusters, Volume Shadowing?



hCThe following sections contain information on OpenVMS and Clusters,a8Volume Shadowing, and Cluster-related system parameters.b




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o#t6edentation around the TCP/IP Services for OpenVMSDTELNET command CREATE_SESSION. This command is the equivilent of theDoperations performed i>a

 

s#t6f,[CTRL/P] is theonly way to halt the processor.

FThe most common way to avoid these halts is to disable the serial lineCconsole or to simply not power-cycle the console terminal. There isDcertain important system state information that is displayed only on@the console, OpenVMS expects to always have access to the systemconsole.

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